Two-cycle explosive-engine



H. F. HOLMQUEST.

TWO-CYCLE EXPLOSIVE ENGINE APPLICATION FILED ocr. 22, ms.

Patent/ed Mar. 8, 1921.

9 I 38 a: 20 a Invenib'r: flerlflalzfllfalmzaesi UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TWO-(iYCLE EXPLOSIVEENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

Application filed October 22, 1919. Serial No. 332,455.

- To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMAN F. HOLM UEST, a citizen of the United States, and

resident of Brooklyn, inthe county of Kings and State of New York, have invented cer- .ta1n new and useful Improvements in Two- Cycle Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and is particularly directed to the two-cycle type of engines, that have one explosion for each reciprocation of the.

piston. V

One of the objects of the invention is to provide improved means for compressing the charge or mixture in the rear end of the cylinder, and then causing such charge to enter the other end of the cylinder.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide in such a construction, improved arrangement of the valves for controlling the said charge. 4

In the accompanying drawing showing one embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical section, partly in elevation.

Fig.2 is a cross sectionon the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3' is a cross section on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

As shown in the drawings, I provide a cylinder 2 having its upper end 3 closed, and provided with an inlet 4 that connects with a conduit 5, leading into the other end of the cylinder at the port 6. This lower end of the cylinder is closed by an end wall 7 that contains the said outlet port 6, and an inlet port-8 for the mixture. The latter port connects by a short conduit 9 with a carbureter 10, of any desired form.

A trunk piston 11 slides in the cylinder, whose end wall 12 is shown as having an opening forming a valve seat 13, controlled by a valve 14, in the nature of a check-valve.

.This valve will open when the pressure inside of the piston exceeds the pressure in the cylinder abovethe piston, but is otherwise held closed by its spring 15. The outlet port 6 for the lower portion of the cylinder is shown as controlled by a check-valve 16,

that will open by the pressure in the lower port of the'cylinder, to admit the compressed charge to the conduit 5. Theinlet port 4 for the upper part (if the cyllnder' from the conduit 5, is shown as controlled by a check-valve 17. This will prevent the charge inthe cylinder above the piston from is moving upward.

passing back intothe conduit 5 on the compression part of the stroke, when the piston operatedby its coil spring 20, to retain the valve seated when the piston compresses the charge in the lower portion of the cylinder,

but which will open on the suction stroke to admit the charge from the carbureter 10.

When the piston 11 is in its lowermost position, its head will expose openings 21 in the cvlinder that connect with an exhaust 22. ut as soon as the piston rises a short distance it will close these exhaust openings. I further provide an annular flange 23 on the piston head a short distance inside ofthe margin, that will serve to deflect the exhaust gas, and also the charge admitted by I the inlet valve 14 to cause the charge to move upwardly at the central portion of the cylinder, while the exhaust gas will pass downwardly around the outside of the cylin der to the exit.

The cylinder 2 is shown provided with an extension 24 connecting with a crank case 25, containing the usual crank 26 and connecting rod 27. A piston rod 28 extends downwardly from the pistonv 11 being secured therto by wings 29; which piston rod connects with the crank by a cross head 30 suitably guided in the extension 24. At 40 is shown the usual spark plug. I Means are shown in the crank case for operating the inlet valve 18, comprising a cam 31 on the shaft 41 that will swing a lever 32 pivoted in thecrank case at 33, and hinged to the stem 19 of the valve 18. As indicated this cam will swing the lever and raise the valve "18, that will be seated by its spring20 when the cam releases the lever 32. But it is to be understood that the lower portion of the valve stem. 19 can be disconnected, and the valve 18 with its spring 20 will operate as an ordinary check-valve.

In the operations of the engine,'when the piston rises it will cause the valve 18 to be opened, or such valve is opened at this time by the cam, and a charge, will be drawn into will close the valve 18, unless previously closed by the cam control, that is properly so timed. This will cause the outlet valve 16 to open and the charge will pass into the cylinder 5 when a certain pressure has been reached. But the check valve 4 will not open until the exploded charge above the plston has driven the piston down and exposed the exhaust ports and a considerable ortion of the exploded charge has escaped.

his compressed mixture in the lower portion of the cylinder and in the conduit 5 will now open the check-valve17 and pass into the upper portion of the cylinder above the piston. This will assist in driving out the exploded charge' At this time the checkvalve 14 in the piston will also be raised by the excessive pressure in the cylinder below the piston, and a portion of the charge com pressed in .the cylinder below-the piston will pass through the piston port at the central portion of the cylinder, that will also assist in driving outthe exploded charge.

But the piston will very shortly commence to rise and close the exhaust piston head, andthis will cause a compression of this charge in the cylinder above the piston. This will result in the valve 17 at once closing, and also the valve 14 in the piston, so that during the entire upward.

after closing the exstroke of the piston,

ports by the nation of a cylinder having a head, a piston sliding therein, a valve in the piston, a fuel supplying inlet port at the end of the cylinder remote from the head, an outlet port at said end, a valve controlling the outlet port, an inlet port at the head end of the cylinder, a valvecontrolling the inlet port, and

a conduit connecting the inlet and outlet ports. 4 2. In a two cycle gas engine, the combination of a cylinder having a head and having the opposite end closed, a fuel supplying inlet port at the closed end of the cylinder, a conduit affording communication between the ends of the cylinder. a valve at each end of the conduitfa valve for the in let port, a piston reciprocating in said cylinder, a valve in said piston, and mechanical means to control the valve of the inlet port.

t igned at New York city, N. Y., on October 18th,,1919. v

HERMAN F. HOLMQUEST. 

